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35th AM (2025) - Poster Session
The Creation of Five Deprivation Indices for the F ...
The Creation of Five Deprivation Indices for the Five Healthy people 2030 Domains
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This research developed five deprivation indices aligned with the Healthy People 2030 (HP2030) framework, targeting the social determinants of health (SDoH) across U.S. communities at the census tract level. Recognizing that SDoH—such as socioeconomic status, education, healthcare access, neighborhood environment, and social context—strongly influence health outcomes, the study aimed to provide precise, quantitative tools to identify deprivation at a fine geographic scale, improving upon existing indices based on broader ZIP code or county data.<br /><br />Using publicly available data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates and the City Health Dashboard, the researchers compiled and cleaned over 143,000 census tract records across all U.S. states and DC for two timeframes: 2008–2012 and 2013–2017. They selected 51 key indicators reflecting the five HP2030 domains: Economic Stability, Education Access & Quality, Healthcare Access & Quality, Neighborhood & Built Environment, and Social & Community Context.<br /><br />Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Factor Analysis were employed for dimensionality reduction and variable selection, refining the indices through multiple rounds and ensuring strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.71). The resulting indices produce standardized scores from -3 (least deprived) to 3 (most deprived), allowing precise identification of communities facing high deprivation in each domain.<br /><br />The indices are bundled into an open-access R package and integrated with an interactive Shiny web application, enabling researchers, policymakers, and practitioners to explore, compare, and utilize the data for targeted interventions. This high-resolution, statistically robust toolset supports localized health equity assessments, resource allocation, and evaluation of equity-focused efforts, thus advancing the HP2030 mission to reduce health disparities nationwide.<br /><br />Supported by various grants and institutions, this project offers a significant advancement in measuring and addressing the social determinants impacting health at the neighborhood level, with implications for public health strategy, policy, and substance use treatment planning.
Keywords
Healthy People 2030
social determinants of health
deprivation indices
census tract level
American Community Survey
Principal Component Analysis
factor analysis
health equity
R package
neighborhood health disparities
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