35th AM (2024) - Poster Session-The Role of Depression on the Ability to Achieve Smoking Abstinence

The Role of Depression on the Ability to Achieve Smoking Abstinence

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The study "The Role of Depression on the Ability to Achieve Smoking Abstinence" investigates how major depressive disorder (MDD) affects smoking cessation in cancer patients. Depression and tobacco use disorder (TUD) are interrelated, where depression can increase smoking frequency, and smoking can exacerbate depressive symptoms. This study focuses on determining the impact of depression on smoking cessation outcomes.<br /><br />From 2006 to 2024, the Tobacco Research and Treatment Program (TRTP) at MD Anderson Cancer Center evaluated 12,080 cancer patients, with 10,002 screened for depression using the Patient History Questionnaire (PHQ). The final sample included 7,033 participants who had abstinence data at the end of treatment (EOT) and PHQ screening results. Among them, 1,383 met criteria for MDD, while 5,650 did not.<br /><br />A logistic regression analysis was conducted on a subgroup of 5,244 patients, comparing those with MDD (739) to those without (4,505), adjusting for factors like sex, race, age, and nicotine dependence. The results indicated that having MDD significantly decreased the odds of achieving smoking abstinence. Specifically, patients with MDD had a 30.58% reduction in abstinence odds, which was somewhat mitigated to a 26.36% reduction after controlling for nicotine dependence levels.<br /><br />The findings highlight that MDD independently hinders smoking cessation efforts, illustrating the necessity of incorporating depression treatment within tobacco cessation programs to improve outcomes. Tailoring tobacco cessation interventions to address depression could enhance abstinence success rates, improving the overall health and quality of life for cancer patients attempting to quit smoking. The study reinforces the critical need for comprehensive treatment approaches that simultaneously address both depression and tobacco use.

Keywords

depression

smoking cessation

cancer patients

major depressive disorder

tobacco use disorder

MD Anderson Cancer Center

logistic regression

nicotine dependence

treatment programs

abstinence outcomes

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